Miniaturized Free-Space Optical Communication System Revolutionizing High-Speed Wireless Connectivity

Monday - October 23 2023, 03:13 UTC - 1 year ago

This cutting-edge technology, free-space optical communication (FSO), has developed a miniaturized FSO system that achieves up to 9.27 Gbps of bidirectional data rate over a wireless link of 1 km. This system is capable of portable mobility and portability in various deployments scenarios, with precision of 3 microradians and no need of optical amplification.

In a world that relies on high-speed internet and seamless communication, the absence of a reliable fiber connection can be a significant hurdle. Fortunately, a cutting-edge technology known as free-space optical communication (FSO) offers a flexible solution for field-deployable high-speed wireless communication in areas where fiber connections are unavailable.FSO has garnered attention for its versatility across various scales of operation. On a global level, it plays a crucial role in establishing high-speed satellite internet projects like Starlink, ensuring global connectivity. At the ground level, particularly in low-altitude scenarios, FSO shines as an attractive option for last-mile connections, disaster recovery efforts, and military communications.

Miniaturized FSO system .

In a significant technological leap, researchers from Nanjing University (NJU) have developed a miniaturized FSO system that promises to revolutionize high-speed wireless communication.

As reported in Advanced Photonics Nexus, this remarkable system achieved an astonishing communication bandwidth of 9.16 gigabytes per second (Gbps) over a 1-kilometer (km) link. What sets it apart is that it accomplishes such high FSO performance using readily available commercial fiber optical communication transceiver modules (no need for optical amplification).

The core of this miniaturized FSO system comprises a pair of FSO devices. Each FSO device is compact, measuring just 45 cm × 40 cm × 35 cm, with a weight of 9.5 kilograms and a power consumption of approximately 10 watts. Each houses an optical transceiver module, an acquisition, pointing, and tracking (APT) device, and its control electronics, all safely sealed within a box for rugged outdoor operation. The APT device stands out with its low-diffraction optical design and a highly efficient 4-stage closed-loop feedback control system.

The FSO system exhibits remarkable tracking capabilities, through the integration of multiple sensors and sophisticated algorithms, which enable automatic, fast, and highly accurate acquisition and fine tracking in just 10 minutes. This precision keeps the tracking error within an impressive 3 microradians (μrad), resulting in a low average link loss of just 13.7 decibels (dB) over the 1-km link. Such precision also eliminates the need for optical amplification. Remarkably, the FSO system can achieve bidirectional data rates averaging 9.27 Gbps over the 1-km link, using only commercial transceiver modules.

According to Zhenda Xie, professor at the NJU School of Electronic Science and Engineering and corresponding author for the Advanced Photonics Nexus article, "This work highlights the potential for achieving FSO using commercially available fiber optical transceiver modules." Xie notes that the effective distance of 1 km may be extended; his team also tested the optical links at up to 4 km, where the average loss increased to 18 dB—likely due to a foggy test environment. "With better weather conditions and optical amplification, longer FSO can be expected," Xie concludes.

The implications of this achievement are profound. This miniaturized FSO break the traditional fiber network bottleneck set by inaccessible terrain or difficult atmosphere. The ease of movement and portability of this system also makes it suitable for various deployment scenarios, without worrying about network disruption.